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Rod-shaped cellulose nanocrystals obtained by acid hydrolysis of eucalyptus fibers (CNCa) presented high aspect ratio (estimated length and width of 180 and 5 nm, respectively) and zeta potential of −(17 ± 1) mV at pH 6. This typical morphology of cellulose nanocrystals was in contrast to nanoparticles obtained upon enzymatic hydrolysis of bacterial cellulose (CNCe), which were asymmetric and irregular...
In this paper, a cellulase pretreatment was studied prior to the acid hydrolysis to decrease the total acid usage during the cellulose nano-crystals (CNC) preparation from a bleached softwood kraft pulp. Cellulase pretreatment facilitates the subsequent acid hydrolysis to produce CNC with similar quality to that of the control, but at a lower sulfuric acid concentration. The underline mechanism is...
This article describes a facile route, which combines mild maceration of waste pulp sludge and a mechanical shearing process, to prepare microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with a high storage modulus. In the maceration, the mixture of glacial acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide was used to extract cellulose from never-dried waste pulp sludge. Then, two different mechanical processes including disc refining...
Encapsulation of various materials on textiles is an interesting task because of the controlled release and higher stability. Here, a robust cotton fabric was prepared through novel simultaneous treatment and nano-encapsulation of Chamomile extract using Tragacanth gum (TG) as the wall material and an environmentally friendly binder with hydrogel properties. The nano-encapsulated and treated cotton...
Along with advances in life science and clinical research, there has been an increasing interest in enrichment technologies for proteins with post-translational modifications. Here we report a new platform to enrich and detect phosphopeptides using the hybrid nanofibers synthesized from bacterial cellulose (BC). Hydrothermal reactions have successfully been employed to synthesize BC@mTiO2 hybrid nanofibers...
Molecular self-diffusion coefficients were measured in solutions of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and dissolving pulp, in 40 wt% aqueous tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH), using pulsed field gradient stimulated echo NMR. From the cellulose diffusion coefficients, a weight averaged radius of hydration <Rh>w = 6.1 nm for MCC and <Rh>w = 15 nm for pulp were obtained. Water and TBA+ ions...
Tracking the changes of cellulose crystallites upon thermo-hygro-mechanical treatment is essential to understand the response of wood cell walls to steam and compression. In this paper the influence of Compression combined with Steam (CS) treatment on wood cellulose crystallites and pores structure of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) was studied under different steaming temperatures and compression...
The use of ionic liquid solvents for the spinning of regenerated cellulose fibres has the potential to produce both technical and textile grade regenerated cellulose fibres. When spinning fibres, many parameters impact the material properties of the spun fibre. In this study, key wet spinning parameters have been investigated for the development of regenerated cellulose fibres from ionic liquid solutions...
A series of Cellulose/poly-ethylene imine (PEI) composites were prepared by grafting hyperbranched PEI onto cellulose chains in alkali/urea aqueous solvent system through “one step” method. The SEM results showed that the Cellulose/PEI composite maintained porous structure. The Cellulose/PEI composites were tested as Cu(II) adsorbents through thermodynamics and kinetics study. The adsorption process...
The axial modulus of the cellulose Iβ crystal is as high as 120–160 GPa. The importance of hydrogen bonds is often emphasized in this context, although intrinsic stiffness of the hydrogen bonds is relatively low. Here, hydrogen bond–covalent bond synergies are investigated quantitatively using molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics simulations for the so-called leverage effect, a model introduced...
A green and efficient adsorbent for adsorption of palladium ions was prepared from 2,3-dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) originating from nanocellulose from the green algae Cladophora. The DAC was functionalized with cysteine via reductive amination in a convenient one-pot procedure to provide the adsorbent. The adsorption properties for adsorbing palladium(II) ions, including capacity, adsorption isotherm...
A kind of viscose fiber fabric with permanent flame retardancy has been prepared by grafting polymerization of phosphorus and nitrogen-containing monomer, i.e. 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol acrylamide methoxyl phosphate (DPAMP) onto viscose fiber fabric (VF-g-DPAMP). The effects of the initiator concentration, DPAMP concentration, temperature, pH and time on grafting polymerization were studied, and...
Cotton is an important industrial commodity for textile production. Its finishing is complicated and requires energy, chemicals and water. In this respect, for its sustainable production, some precautions should be taken. Today, due to consumer’s awareness of environmental issues, studies on ecologic alternative finishing processes have attracted much attention. In this study cotton, which is a natural...
A novel method for obtaining cross-linked microgels of cellulose has been introduced. This method is based on the Ugi four-component condensation in colloidal suspensions of carboxymethylcellulose with a low degree of substitution. Several types of cellulose, including Avicel, cotton linters and filter paper were used as the starting material for the cellulose microgels. Using various processing parameters...
Viscose fiber was oxidized with sodium periodate to prepare a reactive dialdehyde viscose fiber (DAVF) containing abundant aldehyde groups. A solid amine adsorbent (DAVF-PEI) with high amino density for CO2 capture was then prepared by modifying DAVF with polyethylenimine (PEI). Response surface methodology (RSM) based on a three-level, three-factorial design was used to optimize the synthesis conditions...
Recyclable and transparent nanocomposite films based on bacterial cellulose (BC) and hemiaminal dynamic covalent network polymer (HDCN) have been synthesized by in situ polymerization of 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA) with paraformaldehyde. Transparency and structural and mechanical properties of such nanocomposite films are investigated. It was found that BC/HDCN nanocomposite films exhibits a...
Friction affects the use of paper in many ways, from the manipulation and slippage control of paper sheets in large industrial machines to rolling and inking transfer in ballpoint pens. Paper is mainly constituted of cellulosic structures, whose contribution to friction is still obscure. In this work, the contribution of cellulose fibers, macrofibrils, and microfibrils to the forces exerted on a nanoscale...
The rheological behaviour of homogenised fibres originally having different lengths was evaluated. For this purpose, mixtures of pulp fibres and fines were fibrillated mechanically without pre-treatment and characterised with regard to morphology and viscosity. It was found that, for all samples, a similar number of homogenisation passes was needed to reach a viscosity plateau. However, the value...
Here we review chitosan-based materials for solid-phase extraction of metal and metalloid ions prior to their determination by atomic absorption spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, mass spectrometry, and some other spectrometric techniques. We show that nearly zero affinity of chitosan and its derivatives to alkali and alkali-earth metal ions is very beneficial for...
Highly porous, lightweight versatile cellulose materials were prepared via dissolution–coagulation and subsequent various drying routes. Cellulose was dissolved in ionic liquid/DMSO mixture and coagulation was performed in ethanol. The as prepared wet precursors were used to make materials with three different drying methods: supercritical CO2 drying, freeze-drying and vacuum drying. The influence...
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